Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Irreversible changes to the Hindu Kush Himalayan cryosphere are accelerating species extinction.
2. Ice and snow in the Hindu Kush Himalaya feed 12 rivers that provide freshwater and other vital ecosystem services to the people.
3. Permafrost is decreasing in the Hindu Kush Himalaya region.

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Blue Ocean Event, recently in news, is mainly associated with which of the following?

Recently, the World Sickle Cell Awareness Day was celebrated. In this context, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders.
2. The sickle cells die early, which causes a constant shortage of red blood cells.
3. A blood and bone marrow transplant is currently the only cure for sickle cell disease.

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Recently, the United Nations adopted the High Seas Treaty or Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Treaty. With reference to it, consider the following statements:

1. It introduces requirements to carry out environmental impact studies for proposed activities to be carried out in international waters.
2. It establishes principles for sharing the benefits of marine genetic resources collected by scientific research in international waters.
3. The pact will play a key role in efforts to put 30% of the world's land and sea under environmental protection by 2030.

How many of the statements given above is/are correct?

Recently, India’s first mRNA-based COVID-19 booster vaccine against the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV2 has received emergency use authorisation. In this context, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. Developing antibodies and memory immune responses specific to the Omicron variant would reduce the probability of infection and hospitalization.
2. This vaccine cannot be administered to those who have received two doses of Covishield.

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